To get
acquainted with Mac OS X folder structure, start by looking at the
folder structure of a typical Mac OS X installation. Open the Finder window, and click the icon for
your hard drive (which is typically called Machintosh HD) in the sidebar. If it
does not display the hard disk icon, follow the below steps:
·
Launch Finder
from the Dock
·
Using the Menu bar, click on Finder then click on Preferences…
·
Under General
tab, you can select the checkbox beside Hard disks to display it on Desktop.
Go to Sidebar tab, select the Hard disks checkbox under Devices. Now you will see Machintosh HD
in the sidebar when you open Finder.
In the hard
drive, you will see at least four folders: Applications, Library, System, and
Users.
From the
command line, you will see even more if you type: ls /
Open Terminal and type above command, you
will see something similar to this:
Explained in
no particular order:
Directory
|
Description
|
/Applications
|
Self explanatory, this is where your Mac’s applications are kept
|
/Library
|
Shared libraries, files necessary for the operating system to
function properly, including settings, preferences, and other necessities
(note: you also have a Libraries folder in your home directory, which holds
files specific to that user).
|
/Network
|
largely self explanatory, network related devices, servers,
libraries, etc
|
/System
|
System related files, libraries, preferences, critical for the proper
function of Mac OS X
|
/Users
|
All user accounts on the machine and their accompanying unique files,
settings, etc. Much like /home in Linux
|
/Volumes
|
Mounted devices and volumes, either virtual or real, such as hard
disks, CD’s, DVD’s, DMG mounts, etc
|
/
|
Root directory, present on virtually all UNIX based file systems.
Parent directory of all other files
|
/bin
|
Essential common binaries, holds files and programs needed to boot
the operating system and run properly
|
/etc
|
Machine local system configuration, holds administrative,
configuration, and other system files
|
/dev
|
Device files, all files that represent peripheral devices including
keyboards, mice, trackpads, etc
|
/usr
|
Second major hierarchy, includes subdirectories that contain
information, configuration files, and other essentials used by the operating
system
|
/sbin
|
Essential system binaries, contains utilities for system
administration
|
/tmp
|
Temporary files, caches, etc
|
/var
|
Variable data, contains files whose contents change as the operating
system runs
|
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